By: 
Paul A. Heckert
Understanding the Faraday Cage: What Is the Physics of Shields for Electromagnetic Fields and Waves?
By: Paul A. Heckert
Oersted's Electromagnetic Effects: Oersted Discovers Electric Currents Induce Magnetic Fields
By: Paul A. Heckert
Dispersion & Refraction in Optics: Prisms and Raindrops Break White Light into Rainbows of Color
In: Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
In: Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Reflection of Light in Optics: Specular and Diffuse; Equality of Incident and Reflected Angles
In: Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Refraction of Light: Refractive Index, Snell's Law in Optics, & Refracting Light in Media
In: Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Energy and Power in Physics: Watts, Joules, the Ability To Do Work, and Time
By: Paul A. Heckert
Understanding Work in Physics: Physicists Multiply Force by Displacement
By: Paul A. Heckert
Understanding Potential Energy: Position in a Conservative Force Field Gives PE
By: Paul A. Heckert
Geosynchronous Satellite Orbits: Communications Satellites Orbit above Same Location on Earth
By: Paul A. Heckert
Archimedes's Principle: Archimedes, Buoyant Force, Floating Objects, and a Gold Crown
By: Paul A. Heckert
Understanding Kinetic Energy: Motion, Net Work, Heat as Random KE, and Joules as Units
By: Paul A. Heckert
Early Theories of Atomic Structure: Thomson's Plum Pudding & Rutherford's Nuclear Models of the Atom
In: Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Bohr's Model of the Atom: Niels Bohr Uses Quantum Mechanics to Explain Atomic Structure
In: Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Wave Particle Duality: De Broglie Said Light & Elementary Particles Show both Properties
In: Particle Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle: Understanding the Role of Uncertainty in Quantum Mechanics
In: Particle Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
The Photoelectric Effect: Einstein's 1905 Explanation Earned the Nobel Prize
In: Particle Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Resonant Orbits and Saturn's Rings: Physics of How Moons Cause Complex Planetary Ring Structures
By: Paul A. Heckert
Shepherd Moons & Planetary Rings: Physics of Guardian Satellites & Saturn's Complex Ring Structure
By: Paul A. Heckert
Physicist, Hubert Mack Thaxton: An Early Black American Scientist in Nuclear Physics
In: Physics History
By: Paul A. Heckert
Why Do Earth & Planets Orbit Sun? Newton's Laws, Orbital Revolutions, & Heliocentric Solar System
By: Paul A. Heckert
Newton's Laws for Kids - Gravity: A Simple Explanation of the Law of Universal Gravitation
By: Paul A. Heckert
Newton's Laws for Kids - Overview: A Simple Explanation of Principles of Motion and Gravity
By: Paul A. Heckert
Newton's Laws for Kids - Third Law: A Simple Explanation of Principle of Action and Reaction
By: Paul A. Heckert
By: Paul A. Heckert
Newton's Laws for Kids - First Law: A Simple Explanation of Principles of Motion and Inertia
By: Paul A. Heckert
Understanding Acceleration: Fundamental Quantity Crucial to Understanding Physics of Motion
By: Paul A. Heckert
Understanding Speed and Velocity: Fundamental Quantities Crucial to Understanding Physics of Motion
By: Paul A. Heckert
What are Vectors and Scalars: Types of Quantities in Physics Depend on Importance of Direction
By: Paul A. Heckert
Understanding Mass and Weight: Fundamental Physics Concepts Related by Acceleration due to Gravity
By: Paul A. Heckert
Understanding Mass: Fundamental Quantity in Physics Measures the Amount of Matter
By: Paul A. Heckert
Georg Ohm and Ohm's Law: Electrical Resistance, Voltage, and Electric Current in Circuits
By: Paul A. Heckert
The Third Law of Thermodynamics: Carnot Cycle, Efficiency, Heat Engines, and Absolute Zero
By: Paul A. Heckert
Perpetual Motion Machine: Violates First or Second Laws of Thermodynamics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Physics and Investment Fraud: Apply the Laws of Thermodynamics to Avoid Investor Scam
By: Paul A. Heckert
What Is a Neutrino? Elusive Very Low Mass Subatomic Fundamental Particle
In: Particle Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
By: Paul A. Heckert
The First Law of Thermodynamics: Conservation of Energy in Disguise; Work Output Cannot Exceed Input
By: Paul A. Heckert
The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy Increases and Efficiency of Heat Engines Is Less Than 100%
By: Paul A. Heckert
The Laws of Thermodynamics: Three Basic Principles Govern Thermal Physics, Heat, & Work
By: Paul A. Heckert
The Electromagnetic Spectrum: Infrared, Ultraviolet, & Visible Light, Radio Waves, & X-Rays
In: Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
What Are Electromagnetic Waves? Light & EM Spectrum from Oscillations in Electric & Magnetic Fields
In: Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Why no Metal in Microwave Ovens? Can Metallic Objects Be Inside; What About the Interior Walls?
By: Paul A. Heckert
By: Paul A. Heckert
How Do Microwave Ovens Work? Heating Water Molecules in Food with Electromagnetic Waves
By: Paul A. Heckert
Why Is the Sky Blue? Rayleigh Scattering From Atmospheric Particles
In: Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Why Are Sunsets and Sunrises Red? Rayleigh Scattering From Atmospheric Particles
In: Atomic/Molecular/Optical Physics
By: Paul A. Heckert
Simple Harmonic Motion: Physics Explaining Oscillating Springs and Pendulums
By: Paul A. Heckert
Bernoulli's Principle and Storms: Why a Tornado or Hurricane Can Lift the Roof off a House
By: Paul A. Heckert
Bernoulli Effect While Driving: Examples of Bernoulli's Principle: Convertibles and Passing Traffic
By: Paul A. Heckert
Doppler Effect for Moving Objects: A Red Shift or Blue Shift in Light and a Pitch Change in Sound
By: Paul A. Heckert
Einstein's General Relativity: A Simplified Explanation of the General Theory of Relativity
By: Paul A. Heckert
Basic or Applied Research: Basic Research, X-rays, and Unforeseen Applications
By: Paul A. Heckert
Einstein's Special Relativity: Time Dilation, Lorentz Contraction, and Other Relativity Effects
By: Paul A. Heckert
Galileo's Thermometer: How Does a Galileo Thermometer Tell the Temperature?
In: Physics History
By: Paul A. Heckert
Galileo's Telescope Discoveries: Galileo Observed the Sun, Moon, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, and Stars
In: Physics History
By: Paul A. Heckert
Bernoulli's Principle Examples: Airplane Wings and Curve Balls Use Bernoulli's Principle
By: Paul A. Heckert
Physics Homework Help: A Strategy for Solving Physics Homework Problems
By: Paul A. Heckert
Galileo and the Pendulum: Pendulums, Clocks, Longitude, and Navigation
In: Physics History
By: Paul A. Heckert
